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October 8, 2011
Ralph Janvey was dealt a tough hand. The 61-year-old Dallas attorney was appointed in February
2009 to extract assets from the wreckage of R. Allen Stanford's empire on behalf of harmed
investors. The Texas Ponzi schemer's businesses included 145 separate entities and assets spread
out across more than a dozen countries.
However, critics contend that Janvey is making a mess of an already complicated proceeding.
Two and a half years into his term as receiver, Janvey has spent a lot and produced little. Some
investors are complaining that Janvey's strategy is flawed, and accuse him of mismanaging funds.
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Investors state that Ralph Janvey has taken all US$120 million of the assets thus far collected by him and
already existing in the estate.
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The Securities and Exchange Commission, which picked Janvey for the job, criticized his tactics
and his spending early on, but since then has been quiet; the agency is now under scrutiny for
possible lapses in its oversight of its receiver. Tensions between investors, the receiver, and
the SEC are reaching a boiling point.
Contrast Janvey's progress to that of Irving Picard, the Baker & Hostetler partner and appointed
trustee in the Securities Investors Protection Corp (SIPC) - supervised liquidation of Bernard Madoff's
businesses. Picard has recovered more than $10 billion of $70 billion lost and, as of February, had
spent about $290 million - 0.3 percent of recovered assets - on legal and professional fees. Janvey,
by contrast, had recovered $209 million as of July, including $63 million in cash balances already in
Stanford accounts when he was appointed. Out of $7.2 billion in vanished CD investments, only about 3
cents had been recovered per dollar lost. And nearly half had already been spent: $49.2 million toward
professional fees and $49.2 million in costs related to the winddown of Stanford operations.
And things are not looking promising moving forward. Even if every penny is recovered from the frozen
Stanford accounts abroad and from the 1.000 - plus defendants in 54 clawback and fraudulent conveyance
suits - and outcome that Janvey recently called very inlikely - Stanford's investors are still looking
at getting back a maximum of just 14 cents per dollar.
In fairness, receivership experts say that Janvey, of four-lawyer Dallas litigation boutique Krage &
Janvey, inherited a far different situation than Picard. The Madoff trustee has recovered billions of
dollars in settlements with Madoff "feeder funds", while Janvey has no low-hanging fruit to go after.
Stanford subsidiaries, not feeder funds, funneled new investors into the sham CDs issued by Stanford's
Antiguan bank. Moreover, Stanford's companies never relied on the deep-pocketed audit firms, which
have been the targets of other receivers. Janvey's efforts to find and recover Stanford assets, unlike
Picard's, have been mired in cross-border jurisdictional disputes, with a parallel Antiguan liquidation
proceeding successfully vying for control abroad. Janvey has been shut out of $335 million in known
Stanford accounts in Canada and Europe, and has been barred from Antiguan warehouses holding Stanford
records that may contain information about additional money.
But Janvey's troubles are also a product of the choices he's made. While Picard's team has even earned
the praise of opposing counsel, Janvey's team has managed to alienate many investors and other would-be
allies like the SEC. "You know everyone in the courtroom is angry with you", the judge overseeing
the Stanford receivership, Dallas federal district court judge David Godbey, said in August 2009.
A first, major misstep was Janvey's decision to freeze investor accounts and sue individual investors
for the return of their principal, not just their profits, in a wholesale attempt to redistribute
losses evently across all past and current investors. That is almost never done, say veterans of other
Ponzi-scheme receiverships. The move prompted the SEC in June 2009 to ask Judge Godbey to rein in the
receiver.
In another questionable move, in February 2011 Janvey's team sent out a spray of small-potatoes
fraudulent conveyance claims that engendered a lot of ill will. His targets included a couple of
children's hospitals, a Washington think tank, and a religious charity, among others. "These type of
cases are very winnable, but it's very tough call to make politically", says Barnes & Thornburg partner
John Mills III, who has represented receivers and examiners in Ponzi schemes.
Around the same time, Janvey lodged a slew of eight-to-low-nine-figure fraudulent conveyance claims
against the PGA Tour, the Golf Channel, the Memphis Grizzlies, the Houston Rockets, and individual pro
athletes seeking the return of money Stanford paid for endorsement contracts. Counsel says that such
claims are much more difficult to win, since the contracts were fulfilled, and defendants are fighting
them aggressively. "Under his theory, if Stanford made payments to Con Edison to keep his electricity
on, it could be a potential target too", observes Akerman Senterfitt's Micahel Goldberg, an expert on
Ponzi schemes.
Janvey declined to comment on these claims, but his lead counsel, Baker Bott's Kevin Sadler, notes that
Stanford used investor money to promote the Stanford name, and it was instrumental in perpetuating the
Ponzi deal.
Meanwhile, investor frustration has been growing. In July a group of investors led by Gaytri Kachroo,
the former McCarter & English lawyer who vaulted to prominence as counsel to Madoff whistle-blower
Harry Markopolous, filed a motion to intervene. The group claims that the seven member committee Janvey
installed as the only investor voice with legal standing – which includes five lawyers and two
investors - doesn't adequately represent investors' interests. Kachroo's clients allege that the
lawyers on the committee, who have taken over suits originally developed by Janvey's legal team, are
"double-dipping" in the estate. Under agreements approved by the judge earlier this year, the firms are
eligible for a quarter of any recoveries. Those contingency fees, Kachroo asserts, come on top of
retainers each firm had already signed with individual investors. (Retainer contracts ranged from $500
to $20.000 per investor, according to copies provided to The American Lawyer). "The committee filed
dozens of identical, boilerplate lawsuits based on the receiver's investigation, and will be rewarded
generously for little or no work", Kachroo charges. Butzel Long partner Peter Morgenstern, a
committee member representing roughly 1.000 investors, counters by saying that the retainer fees
cover matters such as processing individual claims in both Stanford proceedings, regular communications
with clients, and filing class actions on behalf of investors. The double-dipping notion "is a
nonissue", he says. "We're all working awfully hard, and the finger-pointing and personal attacks are
not constructive". At press time the judge had not yet ruled on the motion.
But all of the noise created by unhappy investors has finally caught the attention of the SEC. In
July, David Kotz, the agency's inspector general, announced an investigation into the SEC's handling
of the receivership. Though the scope of the investigation is still being determined, the office will
be looking at potential misconduct or negligence by SEC staff, Kotz says. And in August, after
facing intense pressure on Capitol Hill, the SEC declared that Stanford's victims are entitled to
relief from SIPC, and has asked it to take over the liquidation of one of the 145 Stanford entities.
Should that happen, it would flip the Stanford brokerage unit over to the control of bankruptcy court
and a new SIPC -appointed trustee- leaving Janvey's future role in recovery efforts up in the air.
A decision was expected in late September.
"You know everybody in the court is angry with you", THE JUDGE OVERSEEING THE STANFORD RECEIVERSHIP
SAID BACK IN 2009. It's still true.
